What is the realistic range of an eBike vs the advertised range?

Advertised range is typically tested under ideal conditions: lighter rider, flat terrain, moderate temperature, eco assist mode. Real-world range is commonly 50-70% of the spec. A bike rated at 60 miles might deliver 35-45 miles for an average rider on mixed terrain at moderate assist. Use the manufacturer's range calculator if available and add realistic terrain and weight factors.